During the Oestrous cycle a female elephant releases approximately 2 - 26 eggs from her ovaries. The consummation of mating

Some African female elephants will have a walk called "Oestrous walk" It means walking and raising its face and paying attention to the male elephants, which are in "Oestrous cycle" Both African and Asian male elephants will test whether or not the female is in Orstrous cycle by using its trunk to go inside the vulva of female elephant. Then the male elephant will have a sip and sniff it. Jacobson's organ also called "The Vomeronasal organ" is in the palate on the roof the mouth and will be used, as a special function to test Oestrous cycle in the female. This gland has an opened pipe in the mouth. The size of the hold is approximately the diameter of a cigarette, which is connected to the nerves of Cribiform plate. If the female elephant is in the Oestruos cycle, it will accept this testing and also be glad to be tested. Then it will leave the herd accompanying the Oestruos cycle male elephant.

Asian elephants will show action called "Pre-copulatorymanoeuvre." It means face to face, mouth to mouth and linking their trunks. The Secretion of Progesterone will confirm a complete pregnancy after 12 weeks.

The pregnancy will last approximately 22 months (or 630 - 660 days). During the first 3 months the Fetus will grow quickly. Then the existence of ears, trunk and tail will be perceived. The female elephant can be pregnant until the age of 50 years. Unfortunately, there is not much possibility for this to happen because the aged female elephant will not have enough milk to feed its baby. Normally, the baby elephant will suckle milk many times in an hour. The male baby elephant will grow quicker than a female baby. The survey says that female elephants, which give birth to male baby elephants, will be in Oestrous cycle later than usual for 6 months. Sperm will be produced at the age of approximately 10 - 15 years. The elephant mating will take about 2 - 3 minutes. They will mate about 3 - 8 times a day.

The sperm is approximately 90 - 120 C.C a time. (An artificial vagina will be used as the sperm storage.) The elephant sperm is like white - gray cream.
The possibility of mating depends on Oestrous cycle of female elephant. The male elephant will have so much sperm, especially musth. The female elephant will not let the male elephant mate in the exception of Oestrous cycle or being forced by the mahout.